If you’ve decided to venture into the world of web development, you may be wondering what you should learn first. Given the expansive nature of web development, replete with abundant resources and various technologies, selecting the right path can indeed be intricate.
Website construction and design are categorized into two main components: front-end and back-end. It is advisable to embark on the journey of becoming a full-stack developer, as this entails acquainting oneself with both front-end and back-end functionalities. A “full-stack developer” is someone who possesses the capability to conceive, craft, host, and sustain a website.
This article aims to introduce you to the career paths within full-stack programming and aid you in determining whether this is the path you wish to pursue. Nevertheless, before delving further, it is beneficial to comprehend the fundamental question, ” What is a full-stack developer?”
What is a full-stack developer?
A full-stack developer is proficient in both front-end and back-end application development. The front-end represents the visible and interactive part of an application that users engage with, while the back-end operates discreetly, executing commands based on user requests. They are expected to have a solid grasp of application structures, programming languages, frameworks and mastery of critical programming languages.
In the role of a full-stack developer, one assumes a versatile position, offering valuable guidance to the team. Developers are pivotal in website development and profoundly comprehend server-side operations and user experiences.
To be an effective full-stack developer, a thorough understanding of various facets of web development is essential, including:
- Server, network, and hosting infrastructure: Proficiency in systems, cloud platforms, and network resources is crucial.
- Data modeling: The ability to establish logical relationships between data models, define unique data keys, implement indexes, and perform database lookups.
- API layers, functional layers, and MVC (Model-View-Controller): A solid grasp of Boolean logic, data modeling principles, and the utilization of frameworks to create user-friendly interfaces.
- User interface: Effective collaboration with graphic designers, requiring proficiency in HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript frameworks like Node, Backbone, Knockout, and others.
- User experience: Recognizing and addressing regular user needs while handling necessary error scenarios.
- Understanding customer and business requirements: Full-stack developers accumulate years of experience in multiple programming languages, setting them apart from other programmers and leading to improved working conditions.
What does a full-stack developer do?
Becoming a full-stack programmer necessitates a broad spectrum of skills, encompassing proficiency in various web programming concepts and a diverse range of web programming abilities. These skills span from database development and programming in languages such as JavaScript to graphic design and familiarity with UI/UX (user interface and user experience).
This is precisely why professional full-stack developers are a rarity. Acquiring the requisite expertise and skills demands substantial time and hands-on experience.
A full-stack developer’s responsibilities encompass a wide array of tasks, including:
- Assisting in application design and development.
- Conducting application testing and troubleshooting.
- Crafting clean code for both front-end and back-end components.
- Demonstrating proficiency in back-end and front-end languages.
- Competently building servers and databases.
- Ensuring the application/site functions flawlessly across all platforms.
- Developing APIs and Restful API services.
- Paying close attention to security, development, and scalability issues.
Remember that being a full-stack developer means knowing only some programming languages or technology. Instead, it means understanding web application architecture at a macro level. It also means having the flexibility to work on different aspects of a project.
Steps to become a full-stack developer
Becoming a full-stack developer offers various pathways, and the following steps will expedite your journey toward achieving your full-stack developer goal.
First step: Learning essential programming languages
A full-stack developer must demonstrate competence in the following programming languages:
HTML/CSS
The web is built on these two technologies. HTML is a tool that helps developers add desired content to web pages, and CSS is used to style and beautify web pages. Both are essential developer tools; you can learn them in any full-stack developer course.
JavaScript
Every aspiring full-stack developer should possess a solid grasp of JavaScript. This versatile language finds application in both back-end and front-end processes. JavaScript’s prolific framework and library ecosystem have solidified its prominence in web programming. It extends its reach to server-side programming, exemplified by developing JavaScript web browsers.
Back-end technologies
After mastering HTML/CSS/JS, you should learn at least one back-end (server-side) programming language. Options include PHP, Java, Python, C#, and SQL. By fully learning one of these languages, you can learn the following languages much easier because you know the structure of a programming language.
Second step: Improve your academic level
To grasp complex concepts effectively, it is imperative to establish a firm foundation in programming basics. JavaScript, HTML, and CSS serve as the cornerstones of web design and development, making it essential for newcomers to understand these technologies comprehensively.
One effective approach is constructing test and demonstration web pages, applying the knowledge acquired from training courses. Given that JavaScript is pivotal in approximately 99% of web applications, attaining proficiency in this language is paramount.
Moreover, familiarity with programming concepts can significantly elevate your coding prowess. Theoretical knowledge should encompass the following prerequisites:
- Servers and their performance
- Networks and their differences
- Web hosting environments
- Algorithms and Their Principles
- Data Structures (Types, Attributes, and Usage)
- Programming technologies
- Databases and their management
The ability to amalgamate various program components into a cohesive whole is critical. You should comprehend each element’s functions and role within the broader framework. Additionally, understanding the interconnections between different components is vital to your proficiency as a developer.
Step three: Get to know all languages, but be an expert in one
Many programmers encounter difficulties when they simultaneously attempt to learn an excessive number of technologies. Such efforts may only sometimes yield favorable results. Instead, investing time in mastering one or two widely used and essential programming languages is advisable while also developing a foundational understanding of others. The key lies in effectively navigating diverse programming languages and adapting to various contexts.
Step Four: Implement what you have learned
The challenging part of this process is when you have a solid understanding of all the necessary technologies – HTML/CSS, JavaScript, back-end programming, databases, and HTTP/REST – and it’s time to put all that knowledge into one application. During this stage, it is crucial to consider the following key aspects:
- Effective Coding Practices
- File Organization
- Optimal Hosting Solutions for Large Media Files
- Selection of Appropriate Data Structures
- Execution of Computational Tasks (User or Server-Side)
Read books and articles online. But to properly understand the application architecture and structure, you must implement it yourself. Also, teamwork is critical in programming because it challenges you, increases your self-confidence, and makes you progress.
Step Five: Find the right job
A full-stack developer must master both front-end and back-end technologies, which can only be achieved through dedicated learning and experience. As a result, companies find it easier to hire full-stack programmers, actively seeking individuals with this skill set. The subsequent steps entail exploring job opportunities within companies and submitting your resume to the most promising prospects. Remember that the hiring process in companies can be complex, and persistence is key even if your initial applications are not accepted.
Step Sixth: Take on more tasks
Carrying out other company projects outside your expertise can also be useful. In this way, you improve your skills and add more value to yourself. Most companies encourage this kind of cooperation and enthusiasm.
Becoming a full-stack developer may present initial challenges, but the experience ultimately paves the way for a smoother process. We wish you success on this intriguing and meandering path.
Is full-stack programming right for you?
Embarking on a journey to become a full-stack developer depends on your interest in understanding the holistic view of web development. Full-stack programming is an excellent choice if you find satisfaction in contributing to any stage of the development process and relish the challenge of solving a diverse array of computational problems. Of course, you should also pay attention to your management skills because the ability to manage several aspects of a project is crucial for full-stack programmers.
If you are in doubt about whether you should work in front-end development, back-end development, or both, it is better to ask yourself the following questions before doing anything:
Are you knowledgeable?
Full-stack development requires familiarity with a variety of languages and technologies. Are you into continuous learning and skill expansion?
Are you a problem solver?
Full-stack developers often have to deal with complex issues. Are you interested in solving diverse and complex problems?
Do you have a “comprehensive and general vision”?
Full-stack developers need to understand how everything fits together in a web application. From the user interface to the database! Is this comprehensive view possible for you?
Are you flexible and adaptable?
Full-stack developers can vary significantly from project to project. Can you quickly adapt and shift your focus between front-end and back-end tasks?
Do you have strong communication skills?
As a full-stack developer, you will likely interact with team members across multiple disciplines. Are you communicative, and can you express your wishes clearly?
If your answer to these questions is yes, full-stack programming is your excellent choice.
What skills are required to become a full-stack developer?
Full-stack developers have technical and soft skills. Technical skills include:
- Mastery of front-end languages
- Mastery of the back-end languages
- Familiarity with database management
- Knowledge of essential programming tools
Soft skills include:
- Ability to solve problems
- Analytical skills
- Curiosity and continuous learning
- Communication skills
- Time management
- Empathy and teamwork
How long does it take to become a full-stack developer?
A full-stack developer’s learning curve depends widely on their current skill level, how much time they must devote to learning, and how much knowledge they want to acquire.
An experienced programmer with several years of prior experience can transition to working at the full-stack level within a year. In contrast, novice programmers typically require several years of dedicated practice, continuous learning, and practical experience to reach a comparable level of proficiency.
Is the job market and income for full-stack programmers good?
As you can see, full-stack programmers work at the highest level of the programming team. Therefore, it is obvious that there is a very suitable job market for this group of programmers with very attractive salaries anywhere in the world.
According to a LinkedIn report, the demand for full-stack developers has been growing by 35% annually since 2015. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics also predicts a 13% growth in web developer employment between 2020 and 2030.
There are different statistics for the full-stack developer salary, but according to SalaryExpert, the average web application developer’s salary is as follows:
- The average web developer salary in the USA is $91,625 (USD)/yr
- The average web developer salary in the UK is £52,155 (GBP)/yr
- The average web developer salary in India is ₹11,71,75 (INR)/yr
- The average website developer salary in France is 62,889 € (EUR)/yr
- The average web developer salary in Germany is 72.407 € (EUR)/yr
- The average web developer salary in China is ¥263,887 (CNY)/yr
- The average web developer salary in Japan is ¥8,402,360 (JPY)/yr
- The average pay for a web developer in Russia is 1 056 148 ₽ (RUB)/yr
- The average web developer salary in Australia is $119,084 (AUD)/yr
- The average pay for a web developer in Canada is $101,712 (CAD)/yr
- The average pay for a web developer in Spain is 47.324 € (EUR)/yr
- The average web developer salary in Portugal is 37087 € (EUR)/yr
Final thoughts
If you are reading this article, you are likely in the process of learning how to become a full-stack programmer. You have access to a wide range of full-stack training options. The programming field offers numerous fascinating aspects, and you will undoubtedly be impressed when you enter it. Therefore, follow the steps outlined in this article to achieve success in this field.